<aside> 🚀 Turkish verbs are conjugated based on the subject (person and number) and tense. Here are some common conjugations:
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(Geniş Zaman): Verbs in present tense add suffixes to the verb stem. Vowel harmony plays a role in choosing the correct suffix vowel.
Example: Gitmek (to go)
| Subject | Suffix | Conjugated Verb |
|---|---|---|
| Ben | -ıyorum | Gidiyorum (I am going) |
| Sen | -ıyorsun | Gidiyorsun (You are going) |
| O | -iyor | Gidiyor (He/She/It is going) |
| Biz | -iyoruz | Gidiyoruz (We are going) |
| Siz | -iyorsunuz | Gidiyorsunuz (You [plural] are going) |
| Onlar | -iyorlar | Gidiyorlar (They are going) |
(Görülen Geçmiş Zaman): The past tense uses a past tense marker (-dı/-di) along with the subject suffix.
Example: Gitmek (to go)
| Subject | Suffix | Conjugated Verb |
|---|---|---|
| Ben | -m + -dım | Gittim (I went) |
| Sen | -n + -din | Gittin (You went) |
| O | - + -dı | Gitti (He/She/It went) |
| Biz | -k + -dik | Gittik (We went) |
| Siz | -niz + -diniz | Gittinız (You [plural] went) |
| Onlar | -ler + -diler | Gittiler (They went) |
<aside> 🚀 Turkish generally follows a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order, but it can be flexible for emphasis. Here are some common structures:
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Basic Sentence (SOV):
Example: Adam kitabı okuyor. (The man is reading the book.)
Emphasis on Object (OSV): The object can come before the subject for emphasis.
Example: Kitabı Adam okuyor. (It is the book that the man is reading.)
Questions (Yes/No): Use question intonation at the end of the sentence.
Example: Sen Türkçe konuşuyor musun? (Do you speak Turkish?)
Wh- Questions: Use question words like "Kim" (Who), "Ne" (What), "Nerede" (Where), etc.
Example: Kim geliyor? (Who is coming?)
Additional Resources:
<aside> 💡 Remember, this is just a starting point. As you learn more Turkish, you'll encounter various verb tenses and sentence structures. Keep practicing and exploring to improve your fluency!
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